Most of the laptops I’m finding from used dealers come with XP installed. If you are going to purchase a laptop or desktop through eBay or some other reseller, you will need to verify that the computer can support Windows7. Otherwise, you’re throwing good money away.

Here’s an actual eBay entry:

DELL LATITUDE D610 LAPTOP+1024+DVD+WiFi+XP-2….

This laptop comes with 1G (gigabyte) of memory and Windows XP with Service Pack2 installed. How can you find out if it will support Windows7? You will need to ask the reseller two questions:

1)      What is the maximum amount of memory the device will support?

• Windows 7 requires a minimum of 1G. You will probably want to expand to at least 2G to avoid performance degradation.

2)      How large is the hard drive?

• At a minimum, you need a large enough drive to accommodate what you already have stored plus 16GB.

If the reseller can’t tell you, go to the manufacturer’s website and search for the model name (“Latitude D610 Specifications”).  In this case, the maximum memory is 2GB and the maximum internal hard drive appears to be 160GB (could be more).

Personally, I would not choose this device for a client because it potentially does not have a long useful life. My post on purchasing hardware (http://bit.ly/1Wn0NI) recommends 4GB memory with the ability to expand further to extend the useful life of a device. However, if you are a basic user (e.g. email, surfing the web, basic application use, not application development) a device that expands only to 2GB or 4GB might be perfect for you.

Most used devices, purchased from a reseller, will only come with the Windows operating system installed. The reseller should provide you with the original installation disks and license information for Windows.  However, if one comes with other software installed, the reseller needs to furnish the original disks and license information as well. If using eBay, only purchase from a “Top-rated seller”. These sellers have a good reputation in the eBay community.

Keep in mind, you’re still going to have to upgrade to Windows 7 sometime.

If you have questions, contact your favorite IT service provider or feel free to DM me @ITMinefield on Twitter.

Wishing you safe passage through the IT Minefield!

___________________________________

Purchasing hardware is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America (saving them millions) to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

If you read the “Short Rant on Hardware Manufacturers” (http://bit.ly/1RSmoo ), you know I’m not particularly fond of any of them. Very little differentiates one computer from another. So, get the best price you can that meets your requirements.

When determining which desktop, laptop or server to purchase, ask:

1)      How long do I expect to keep the hardware before upgrading again?

2)      How long has it been since my last hardware upgrade?

3)      How much hard drive am I using now compared to when I first bought the device?

These are the questions I ask as I develop migration plans for my clients and friends.

The goal of every small business owner is to extend the useful life of hardware as much as possible. I have one client who has hardware that was purchased with Windows ME and then upgraded to XP. The hardware is around 9 years old. They have extended the useful life of their computers and server as far as possible.

Since my clients tend to not upgrade often, my advice is to purchase hardware that will allow you to add RAM (memory) over time. How much memory? I am advising clients to purchase 4GB (gigabytes) initially. Why? Windows 7 requires a minimum of 1GB…that’s just for Windows 7. By the time you add the other software you have been using, you probably need 2GB. The cost difference between 2GB and 4GB is less than $100 in most cases…cheaper than a service call to order more memory and install it.

I am also advising them to consider hardware that has a maximum expansion capacity greater than 4 gigabytes. Why? Once again, to extend the useful life of the computer. If they purchase 4GB initially and that is the maximum a unit can support, they have to replace the unit once the memory is exhausted. The difference between a desktop model that has a maximum capacity of 4GB and one that can expand to 8GB or 16GB is often less than $400. That cost is substantially less than buying a new unit.

All of the major computer manufacturers will provide the hardware specifications online at their sites. They will also allow you to compare the features of their device models such as maximum memory and hard drive supported.

What about eBay? The same principles apply. You will need to do a little more homework to discover how much memory the desktop or laptop will support. If the seller can’t tell you, go to the manufacturer’s website and search for the device model.

If you have any questions ask your favorite IT service provider or feel free to DM @ITMinefield on Twitter.

Wishing you safe passage through the IT Minefield!

___________________________________

Purchasing hardware is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America (saving them millions) to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

I’m afraid I have to agree with some of my friends. Windows 7 is Microsoft’s revenge on those of us who thumbed our noses at Vista and said we’ll wait. Windows 7 is available and Microsoft went out of their way to make the upgrade difficult for those who did not upgrade to Vista. Oh well, that’s life.

On the other hand, Windows 7 is a perfect opportunity to get your I.T. house in order. If you have never created a hardware and software asset inventory, now is the time. You (or your service provider) already have to visit each computer. You may as well “write” down the information and store it somewhere (your IT manual, hard drive). You will need this information in the future. It isn’t a question of “if” but “when”.

A basic hardware asset inventory is a list of each desktop, laptop, server, network appliance, printer, uninterruptable power supply and any other device connected to a computer or your network. You need to collect the following information about each device:

While you’re at the computer, make a list of all of the installed software. Now, I’m not talking about .Net or those other programs that come with the computer. You need to look for all the software that was added to the computer.  You need to collect the following information for the software asset inventory:

As you look at the list for each computer, notice which software is obsolete. Those applications you won’t need to reinstall. Now, go find the installation discs for the rest of the software. If you find only one copy of WordPerfect X4 and it is installed on 10 computers and you didn’t purchase a multi-user license, your company is guilty of software piracy. This is the perfect time to remedy that situation.

The friend or employee who installed the software may have tried to save you money, but piracy could cost you dearly (http://bit.ly/bhmoC).

So, look on the bright side. The upgrade to Windows 7 won’t be a walk in the park, but it is the perfect opportunity to:

1)      Create a software asset inventory.

2)      Create a hardware asset inventory.

3)      Clean out old software you don’t need.

4)      Discover unauthorized software and get legal.

Wishing you safe passage through the IT Minefield!

___________________________________

These topics are discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America (saving them millions) to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

Software is protected by U.S. copyright law.  You are allowed to create a copy of software for disaster backup and recovery purposes, but that’s about it. Piracy occurs when more software licenses are in use than were purchased. Sometimes the piracy is innocent; an employee wishing to help you out brings software from home or purchases the software at a great price from someone who appears reputable, but isn’t. It also occurs when an employee takes software you paid for to their home or another company.

As a small business, you don’t need to invest in expensive infrastructure to prevent software piracy.  Here are a few simple things you can do:

1)      Communicate and enforce the company policy concerning software purchasing and installation.

2)      Lock down employee computers to prevent unauthorized software installs.

3)      Store all software installation discs in a secure place to prevent them from walking out the door.

4)      Centralize software purchasing and installation.

5)      Maintain a software asset inventory. It can be a pencil and paper list of who has what software installed, when it was done, etc.

6)      Conduct an annual software audit. In a small environment, this isn’t too arduous. Simply compare the software asset inventory to each computer in the business. If you find discrepancies, resolve them.

Each of these steps could be a complete post.  There are other steps you can take the more sophisticated your IT environment. If you need help, check with your IT service provider or the BSA.

Wishing you safe passage through the IT Minefield!

____________________________

This topic is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America saving them millions to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

Most of the time, we don’t ask for references and when we do, we assume that because they gave us the reference that they must be good. Do your due diligence! A bad I.T. professional can hurt your business!

Your interview with a reference should cover 10 topics. We’ll talk briefly about 4 of them.

1)      Experience. Typically we equate years in business to experience. From a reference’s perspective, you want them to talk about the provider’s problem resolution skills. Are problems resolved quickly by the provider or his employees? Or is your business their training ground?

2)      Stability. Do you see the same few employees each visit? Or does it appear the vendor is unable to retain good talent? Some variety is good, it means all of the knowledge of your business does not reside within a single individual…if they leave, their replacement will not experience a steep learning curve.

3)      Relationship. Does the provider spend time with you understanding your business strategy and needs? Do they recommend solutions that are consistent with your business strategy? Do they stay abreast of trends and problems in your industry?

4)      Conflict Management. How does the vendor handle your service complaints? Are those conversations amiable, with the vendor showing respect for you and your business? Or are they punishing, leaving you feeling drained and dreading the next encounter?

References will be brutally honest about the shortcomings of their service providers.  No provider is perfect.  They’ll shine in one area and be a lackluster performer in another. You will have to decide which qualities are most important to your business.

Wishing you safe passage through the I.T. Minefield!

__________________________________

This topic is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America saving them millions to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

According to PCWorld (http://bit.ly/4qnWK), XP will still be available for delivery on some computers through June 2010. Support for XP, in the form of security patches, will continue until April 2014. Bug fixes will only be available for businesses that have signed support contracts with Microsoft (most small business owners don’t have this type of contract).

So, do you need to be in a rush to upgrade? No. When should you upgrade? Sometime during the next four years. I’m not trying to be flippant. You can probably wait six months to a year, to allow other bugs to be discovered. Here are four things to consider when deciding when to upgrade to Windows 7:

-          Cost. The cost of an upgrade is $299 per computer for Windows 7 plus the cost of any software that must be upgraded. The hidden cost will be for hardware. Do your computers and servers have sufficient memory and hard drive to support the upgrade? If it has been a while since you purchased hardware, you may need to upgrade.  This is an additional cost for which you will need to plan.

-          Effort. Unfortunately, if you are running XP, you can’t just buy the Windows 7 upgrade and install it. You must backup you data, wipe the hard drive and then install XP. This is not a task you should undertake lightly.

-          XP Bugs. If you run into a bug in XP and you don’t have a support contract with Microsoft, their response will be “You need to upgrade to Windows 7.” If the bug is an annoyance, you can delay the upgrade. However, if it is preventing you from conducting business, you should upgrade soon.

-          Critical applications. When do you plan to upgrade mission critical applications? Do these applications require Windows 7? Or more importantly, do you have a critical application that you can’t upgrade (e.g. software vendor went out of business) and won’t work with Windows 7? Windows 7 has an XP mode that will allow many of these applications to continue to work or you can leave that PC out of the migration.

-          Features. Does Windows 7 possess features that will create a strategic advantage for your business?

If you don’t have a compelling business reason to upgrade, you can wait and plan the upgrades. It is not necessary to upgrade all of your computers at one time. You can upgrade them as finances allow. If you have any questions, contact your I.T. service provider or feel free to ask ITMinefield on Twitter.

Wishing you safe passage through the I.T. Minefield!

__________________________________

Upgrading hardware and software are discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America saving them millions to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

If you or your I.T. service provider installed your network using default values, you are vulnerable to an attack by a freeloader (someone who just doesn’t want to pay for wireless access) or an eavesdropper (someone who just wants to show they can access your network). These intruders drive around neighborhoods and business areas looking for unprotected wireless networks.   They are generally not malicious, but if enough of them access your network, it will slow down your network.  Many other intruders are malicious and they will take your network and business down.

Why are you vulnerable to attack? The default values are widely known and easily available to anyone with internet access.  Don’t believe me? Do a google search on your favorite hardware provider (e.g. “Linksys default SSID”). To secure your wireless network, change the default settings to a unique value for the following 4 areas:

-          Administrator id and password. Most networks have a web based interface which is easily accessible to a hacker. If a hacker knows your admin id and password they can access your network and lock you out. Save the new id and password in a safe place. Don’t lose them.

-          SSID. The SSID identifies the name of your network.  Choose a unique name.

-          SSID Broadcast should be set to “No” or “Off”. Broadcasting the SSID makes it easy for friendly computers to find your network. However, it also makes it easy for the intruders to find.

-          Encryption Keys.  All access points use some type of encryption to protect your data transmissions. The easiest way to change a key is to come up with a passphrase (similar to a password) and allow the software to generate a new encryption key.  You will share the passphrase with users you wish to allow access to your network. Since all computers have the same encryption methods, a new computer will be able to generate the same new encryption keys.

If you’re uncertain about these settings, contact your I.T. service provider or the person who installed your network for assistance.

Wishing you safe passage through the I.T. Minefield!

__________________________________

This topic is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America saving them millions to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.

You can keep money in your pocket and have the website your business needs if you will do the following:

1)      Before talking with a designer or optimization firm, define the role of the website in your business strategy and the results you expect. These impact the cost. What role does your website play in your business:

1. Glorified yellow pages ad?
2. Marketing?
3. Sales?
4. Creating community?

2)      Establish a budget for the project.  What do you expect to spend? Understand that the more functionality you expect or need, including optimization, the more expensive the site becomes. Most designers will work to deliver maximum functionality while staying within your budget.

3)      Interview several designers and their client references. If their references are not getting the results they expected, walk away from that designer.

4)      Clearly communicate your design requirements and market strategy to the designer. If you leave your site to the designer’s imagination, you will spend a lot of money and not get what you expect.

5)      Establish a process for managing change. Once you and the designer agree to the specifications and cost, the designer expects that you will not alter them very much.  Each change from the initial specs will cost extra to implement. If changes are needed:

1. Establish a process within your business for submitting and approving changes to the site.
2. Request a quote for the change from the designer.
3. Impress upon the designer that changes will not be made without approval from a person you designate. This is important particularly if you have several people involved in the design.
4. Agree with the designer on the cost of the change.

It is easy to get caught up in the excitement of launching a website with your business.  A little planning will go a long way to preserving precious capital.

Wishing you safe passage through the I.T. Minefield!

__________________________________

This topic is discussed in greater detail in Navigating the I.T. Minefield: Straight Talk for the Small Enterprise. To purchase your copy, please visit http://bit.ly/SNL4W.

Leslie Knight is a small business consultant with over 20 years of experience in Information Technology management in Fortune 500 companies.  She applies her experience in Corporate America saving them millions to smaller entrepreneurial enterprises. She is also the author of Navigating the I.T. Minefield.